教室里的“失物招领处”!
在初中忙碌充实的学习生活中,谁都有过找不到橡皮、直尺,或者在图书馆捡到别人学生卡的小插曲。这时候,如果你想问同桌“这支笔是你的吗?”,或者在公告栏贴一张“寻物启事”,该如何用英语地道表达呢?
在第三单元(Unit 3: Is this your pencil?),我们将解决这个非常普遍的现实问题,并攻克初中英语语法中的一座核心大山——名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers)!
一、核心词汇与发音宝盒(教材原文)
大声朗读下面的单词,注意区分物品与物主代词:
- pencil /‘pensl/ n. 铅笔
- book /bUk/ n. 书
- eraser /I’reIz@(r)/ n. 橡皮
- box /bQks/ n. 箱;盒
- pencil box 铅笔盒;文具盒
- schoolbag /‘sku:lb{g/ n. 书包
- dictionary /‘dIkS@nri/ n. 词典;字典
- his /hIz/ pron. 他的(既是形容词性也是名词性物主代词)
- mine /maIn/ pron. 我的(名词性物主代词)
- hers /h3:(r)z/ pron. 她的(名词性物主代词)
- yours /jO:(r)z/ pron. 你的;你们的(名词性物主代词)
- excuse /Ik’skju:z/ v. 原谅;宽恕
- Excuse me. 劳驾;打扰一下(搭话、问路、请教前的礼貌客气语)
- thank /T{Nk/ v. 感谢;谢谢
- Thank you for… 为……而感谢(后接名词或动名词,如 Thank you for your help.)
- welcome /‘welk@m/ adj. 受欢迎的
- You’re welcome. 别客气;不用谢。(对 Thank you 的经典回答)
- baseball /‘beIsbO:l/ n. 棒球
- watch /wQtS/ n. 表;手表(复数加 -es: watches)
- computer /k@m’pju:t@(r)/ n. 计算机;电脑
- computer game 电子游戏
- ID card 学生卡;身份证(ID = identification)
- notebook /‘n@UtbUk/ n. 笔记本
- ring /rIN/ n. 戒指
- bag /b{g/ n. 袋;包
- a set of 一套;一副;一组(如 a set of keys 一串钥匙)
- lost /lQst/ v. (lose 的过去式)遗失;丢失
- found /faUnd/ v. (find 的过去式)找到;发现
- call /kO:l/ v. (给……)打电话
- call sb. at + 电话号码(拨打电话……联系某人)
- ask /A:sk/ v. 请求;要求;询问
- ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物
二、初中核心语法:形容词性 vs 名词性物主代词
初一很多同学分不清 my 和 mine,其实规则非常形象简单:
“形物代”像一顶帽子,后面必须戴在名词的头上(my pencil, your book, her dictionary);
“名物代”是个独立的大将军,它等于**“形物代 + 名词”**,后面绝对不能再带名词!
名词性物主代词 = 形容词性物主代词 + 名词
- mine = my + 名词(It is my pencil. = It is mine.)
- yours = your + 名词(Is this your eraser? = Is this yours?)
- hers = her + 名词(The dictionary is hers.)
- his = his + 名词(The blue pen is his.——注意 his 两种形式拼写完全相同!)
- 名词所有格 ‘s 也可以做名词性:They are Bob’s.(它们是鲍勃的。)
三、经典课文对话与阅读(教材原文)
对话 1:老师帮忙寻找失主(Section A 2d Role-play)
Teacher: Hi, Anna. Are these your pencils?
Anna: No, they’re Bob’s.
Teacher: And is this his green pen?
Anna: No, it isn’t. The blue pen is his.
Teacher: What about this dictionary?
Anna: It’s Helen’s. And the green pen is hers, too.
Teacher: And the eraser? Is that yours?
Anna: Yes, it is.
Teacher: Thank you for your help, Anna.
Anna: You’re welcome.
短文 2:学校布告栏的失物招领启事(Section B 2b Reading)
Notice 1:
Lin Hai,
A computer game is in the school library. Is it yours? Ask the teacher for it.
— MikeNotice 2 (Lost 寻物启事):
Lost:
I lost my school ID card. I must find it. Call me at 685-6034. Thanks.
— TomNotice 3 (Found 招领启事):
Found:
Some keys are in Classroom 7E. Are they yours? E-mail me at [email protected].
— MikeNotice 4:
Is this your watch? My phone number is 495-3539. Call me.
— John
四、写给家长(伴读锦囊)
各位家长朋友,Unit 3 的核心是教会孩子物权归属与公共生活礼貌。在家可以用日常文具跟孩子演练:
- 对应教材哪个单元:Unit 3: Is this your pencil?(教材第 13–18 页)。
- 在家可以怎样读或问答(书桌失物招领剧场):
- 文具归属互问:家长把家里的笔、尺子、手表放在一起,拿起一块橡皮问:“Is this your eraser?”,引导孩子用名词性代词回答:“Yes, it is mine. / No, it’s Dad’s.”。
- 辨析代词口诀:考考孩子:“my 和 mine 谁后面带名词?her 和 hers 哪个能单独站?”。
- 亲手写一张英文便利贴:假装孩子的小水杯或者钥匙丢了,让孩子拿出一张小便利贴写一则英文 Lost 便条:“Lost: My keys. Call [名字] at [电话].”。
- 怎样算学完:
- 孩子能准确默写全部文具和日常物品单词;
- 孩子能清晰区分并正确填空
my/mine, your/yours, her/hers, his/his; - 孩子能独立朗读 2b 布告栏的 4 则便条,并能自己写出一则格式规范的 Lost 或 Found 启事。